Maximizing Harvest & Long and Short Term Storage.

How to Harvest Your Crop, Long-Term & Short-Term Storage:

American Plum

The American plum (Prunus americana) is a native North American fruit tree that has been cultivated for centuries. Indigenous peoples used these hardy plums for food and medicine, and early settlers quickly adopted them for their resilience and sweet-tart flavor. Learning how to harvest American plums at peak ripeness ensures the best flavor for fresh eating or preservation.

How to Harvest

  1. Wait for plums to develop deep red to purple color
  2. Test ripeness by gentle pressure - should yield slightly
  3. Harvest in early morning when cool
  4. Twist and pull gently to avoid damaging branches
  5. Handle carefully to prevent bruising

Short-term Storage

  1. Store ripe plums in refrigerator for up to 1 week
  2. Keep unripe plums at room temperature to ripen
  3. Place in perforated plastic bags to maintain humidity
  4. Separate damaged fruit to prevent spoilage spread
  5. Check daily and use ripest fruit first

Long-term Preservation

  1. Wash and remove pits for canning
  2. Pack in sterilized jars with light syrup
  3. Process in boiling water bath for 20 minutes
  4. Freeze whole plums in freezer bags for up to 1 year
  5. Dehydrate sliced plums for fruit leather
Interesting Fact
American plums can survive temperatures as low as -30°F, making them one of the hardiest fruit trees native to North America!
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Apple

Apples (Malus domestica) have been cultivated for over 4,000 years, originating in Central Asia. The saying "an apple a day keeps the doctor away" reflects their nutritional value and long storage life. Knowing how to harvest apples at the right time and how to store vegetables and fruits properly ensures you can enjoy fresh apples for months.


How to Harvest

  1. Test ripeness by lifting and twisting - should come off easily
  2. Check for full color development specific to variety
  3. Taste test for sweetness and crisp texture
  4. Harvest on dry days to prevent moisture issues
  5. Pick from outside of tree first, then work inward

Short-term Storage

  1. Store in refrigerator crisper drawer
  2. Keep in perforated plastic bags for humidity
  3. Separate varieties as they ripen at different rates
  4. Remove any damaged apples immediately
  5. Can store for 1-2 months when properly handled

Long-term Preservation

  1. Store perfect apples in cold, humid cellar (32-40°F)
  2. Wrap individually in newspaper for extended storage
  3. Make applesauce and can in sterilized jars
  4. Slice and dehydrate for apple chips
  5. Freeze sliced apples with lemon juice for baking
Interesting Fact
There are over 7,500 apple varieties worldwide, but only about 11 varieties make up 90% of commercial production!
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Tomato

Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) originated in South America and were brought to Europe in the 16th century. Once thought poisonous, they're now one of the world's most popular fruits. Understanding how to harvest tomatoes at peak ripeness and how to can fruit properly allows you to preserve summer's bounty for year-round enjoyment.

How to Harvest

  1. Pick when fruits show first blush of color
  2. Harvest green tomatoes before first frost
  3. Twist and pull gently from vine
  4. Harvest regularly to encourage more production
  5. Pick in early morning for best flavor

Short-term Storage

  1. Ripen green tomatoes at room temperature
  2. Store ripe tomatoes at room temperature for best flavor
  3. Refrigerate only fully ripe tomatoes
  4. Keep stem-side down to prevent moisture loss
  5. Use within 3-5 days for peak quality

Long-term Preservation

  1. Blanch and peel for canning whole tomatoes
  2. Add lemon juice for proper acidity when canning
  3. Process in boiling water bath for 45 minutes
  4. Freeze whole tomatoes in freezer bags
  5. Dehydrate slices for sun-dried tomatoes
Interesting Fact
Tomatoes are technically fruits, but the U.S. Supreme Court ruled them vegetables for tariff purposes in 1893!
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Carrot

Carrots (Daucus carota) were first cultivated in Afghanistan around 900 AD, originally purple and white. The familiar orange variety was developed in the Netherlands in the 17th century. Learning how to harvest carrots at the right size and how to store vegetables properly ensures sweet, crisp carrots throughout winter.

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How to Harvest

  1. Check size by gently brushing soil from shoulders
  2. Harvest when roots are 1/2 to 3/4 inch diameter
  3. Water soil before harvesting for easier pulling
  4. Grasp greens close to root and pull straight up
  5. Harvest before ground freezes hard

Short-term Storage

  1. Remove greens immediately after harvest
  2. Brush off soil but don't wash until use
  3. Store in refrigerator crisper drawer
  4. Keep in perforated plastic bags
  5. Use within 2-3 weeks for best quality

Long-term Preservation

  1. Store in damp sand in cool cellar (32-40°F)
  2. Layer carrots in boxes with moist sand
  3. Blanch and freeze for 8-12 months storage
  4. Dehydrate sliced carrots for soup mixes
  5. Can diced carrots in pressure canner
Interesting Fact
Carrots get sweeter after exposure to frost, as the plant converts starches to sugars for cold protection!
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Basil

Basil (Ocimum basilicum) originated in India and has been cultivated for over 5,000 years. Sacred to Hindus and associated with love in Italy, this aromatic herb is essential in cuisines worldwide. Understanding how to harvest basil properly encourages continued growth and provides fresh herbs for cooking and preservation.

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How to Harvest

  1. Pinch or cut stems just above leaf pairs
  2. Harvest in early morning after dew dries
  3. Remove flower buds to encourage leaf growth
  4. Take no more than 1/3 of plant at once
  5. Harvest regularly for continuous production

Short-term Storage

  1. Place stems in water like cut flowers
  2. Cover with plastic bag and refrigerate
  3. Change water every 2-3 days
  4. Use within 1 week for best flavor
  5. Avoid washing until ready to use

Long-term Preservation

  1. Dry leaves by hanging bundles in dark, airy place
  2. Freeze whole leaves in ice cube trays with oil
  3. Make pesto and freeze in small containers
  4. Dehydrate leaves and store in airtight jars
  5. Preserve in vinegar or oil for flavored condiments
Interesting Fact
Basil plants can produce up to 4 ounces of fresh leaves per plant when harvested regularly throughout the growing season!
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Lettuce

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) has been cultivated since ancient Egyptian times, prized for its crisp texture and mild flavor. Learning how to harvest lettuce properly and how to store vegetables like leafy greens ensures fresh salads throughout the growing season.

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How to Harvest

  1. Cut outer leaves first, leaving center to grow
  2. Harvest in early morning for crispest leaves
  3. Cut 1 inch above soil level for head lettuce
  4. Harvest before plants bolt in hot weather
  5. Use sharp knife to avoid damaging plants

Short-term Storage

  1. Wash and dry thoroughly before storing
  2. Wrap in paper towels to absorb moisture
  3. Store in refrigerator crisper drawer
  4. Keep in perforated plastic bags
  5. Use within 5-7 days for best quality

Long-term Preservation

  1. Lettuce doesn't preserve well long-term
  2. Succession plant for continuous harvest
  3. Grow in cold frames for winter harvest
  4. Dehydrate for soup seasoning (limited use)
  5. Focus on fresh consumption and succession planting
Interesting Fact
Lettuce is 95% water, making it one of the most hydrating vegetables you can eat!
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Apricot

Apricots (Prunus armeniaca) originated in China over 4,000 years ago and were spread along the Silk Road to Europe. Valued for their sweet, juicy flesh, apricots are a summer favorite. Knowing how to harvest apricots at peak ripeness and how to can fruit ensures you can savor their flavor year-round.

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How to Harvest

  1. Wait for apricots to turn golden-orange
  2. Test ripeness by gentle squeeze - should be slightly soft
  3. Harvest in early morning when cool
  4. Twist gently to detach from branch
  5. Handle carefully to avoid bruising

Short-term Storage

  1. Store ripe apricots in refrigerator for up to 2 weeks
  2. Keep unripe apricots at room temperature to ripen
  3. Place in perforated plastic bags for humidity
  4. Separate damaged fruit to prevent spoilage
  5. Check daily and use ripest fruit first

Long-term Preservation

  1. Wash and remove pits for canning
  2. Pack in sterilized jars with medium syrup
  3. Process in boiling water bath for 25 minutes
  4. Freeze halved apricots in freezer bags
  5. Dehydrate slices for dried apricots
Interesting Fact
Apricots are closely related to plums and peaches and are one of the earliest fruits to ripen each summer!
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Black Cherry

Black cherries (Prunus serotina) are native to North America and have been used by indigenous peoples for food and medicine. Their tart flavor makes them ideal for preserves. Learning how to harvest black cherries and how to store fruit properly ensures you can enjoy their unique taste.

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How to Harvest

  1. Wait for cherries to turn deep red to black
  2. Test ripeness by tasting - should be sweet-tart
  3. Harvest in early morning when cool
  4. Clip stems with scissors to avoid damage
  5. Place in shallow baskets to prevent crushing

Short-term Storage

  1. Store in refrigerator for up to 2 weeks
  2. Keep in perforated plastic bags
  3. Do not wash until ready to use
  4. Remove any damaged cherries immediately
  5. Use within 1 week for best quality

Long-term Preservation

  1. Pit cherries and pack in sterilized jars with syrup
  2. Process in boiling water bath for 20 minutes
  3. Freeze pitted cherries in freezer bags
  4. Make cherry jam or preserves
  5. Dehydrate for dried cherries
Interesting Fact
Black cherry wood is highly valued for furniture making due to its rich color and fine grain!
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Chives

Chives (Allium schoenoprasum) are native to Europe, Asia, and North America, used for their mild onion flavor since ancient times. A staple in herb gardens, chives are easy to grow and preserve. Mastering how to harvest chives encourages regrowth and enhances culinary dishes.

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How to Harvest

  1. Cut leaves 1-2 inches above soil level
  2. Harvest in early morning after dew dries
  3. Use sharp scissors to avoid tearing
  4. Take no more than 1/3 of plant at once
  5. Harvest regularly to promote new growth

Short-term Storage

  1. Wrap in damp paper towel
  2. Store in refrigerator in plastic bag
  3. Change paper towel every 2-3 days
  4. Use within 7-10 days for best flavor
  5. Do not wash until ready to use

Long-term Preservation

  1. Chop and freeze in ice cube trays with water
  2. Dry leaves in dehydrator or oven on low heat
  3. Store dried chives in airtight containers
  4. Preserve in infused oils or vinegars
  5. Use frozen or dried chives within 6 months
Interesting Fact
Chives are part of the onion family, and their purple flowers are edible, adding a colorful touch to salads!
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Blackberry

Blackberries (Rubus fruticosus) have been foraged and cultivated since ancient times across Europe and North America. Known for their deep flavor, blackberries are rich in antioxidants. Mastering how to harvest blackberries and how to can fruit preserves their taste for winter use.

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How to Harvest

  1. Pick when berries are fully black and glossy
  2. Test ripeness by gentle tug - should release easily
  3. Harvest in early morning to avoid heat
  4. Use shallow containers to prevent crushing
  5. Wear gloves to protect against thorns

Short-term Storage

  1. Store unwashed in refrigerator for up to 5 days
  2. Place in single layer to avoid crushing
  3. Keep in breathable containers or perforated bags
  4. Remove any moldy berries immediately
  5. Check daily for ripeness and spoilage

Long-term Preservation

  1. Freeze whole berries on a tray, then bag
  2. Can as jam or preserves in sterilized jars
  3. Process in boiling water bath for 15 minutes
  4. Dehydrate for dried berries or fruit leather
  5. Store in airtight containers for up to 1 year
Interesting Fact
Blackberries are technically not a single fruit but a cluster of tiny drupelets!
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Apricot

Apricots (Prunus armeniaca) originated in China over 4,000 years ago and spread to Europe via the Silk Road. Known for their sweet-tart flavor, learning how to harvest apricots at the right time and how to store fruit properly allows for extended enjoyment of this stone fruit.

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How to Harvest

  1. Harvest when fruits are fully colored and flesh is soft
  2. Pick by hand, twisting gently to avoid bruising
  3. Harvest in late August or early September
  4. Use a tarp to catch falling fruit if shaking branches
  5. Pick promptly to prevent damage from birds or insects

Short-term Storage

  1. Store at 32°F in humid conditions for 1-2 weeks
  2. Keep in perforated bags to maintain humidity
  3. Avoid room temperature to prevent rapid ripening
  4. Separate damaged fruit to prevent spoilage
  5. Check daily for ripeness

Long-term Preservation

  1. Freeze halved and pitted apricots
  2. Can in sterilized jars with syrup
  3. Dehydrate slices for dried apricots
  4. Process in boiling water bath for 25 minutes
  5. Store in airtight containers in cool place
Interesting Fact
Apricots are one of the earliest ripening stone fruits in summer!
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Black Cherry

Black cherries (Prunus serotina) are native to North America and have been used by indigenous peoples for centuries. Understanding how to harvest black cherries and how to can fruit helps preserve their tart flavor for jams and pies.

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How to Harvest

  1. Harvest when fruits are fully ripe and hulls separate easily
  2. Shake tree limbs over a tarp to drop fruit
  3. Pick up promptly to avoid mold
  4. Harvest in late June to early July
  5. Remove hulls within 24 hours

Short-term Storage

  1. Store at 32°F in humid conditions for 1-2 weeks
  2. Keep in perforated plastic bags
  3. Avoid washing until use
  4. Remove damaged fruit
  5. Use within a week for best quality

Long-term Preservation

  1. Freeze pitted cherries
  2. Can in sterilized jars with syrup
  3. Dehydrate for dried cherries
  4. Make jam or preserves
  5. Store in cool, dry place
Interesting Fact
Black cherry trees can live for over 250 years!
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Blackberry

Blackberries (Rubus spp.) have been foraged in Europe and North America for thousands of years. Knowing how to harvest blackberries and how to store fruit ensures you can enjoy their antioxidant-rich berries long after the season.

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How to Harvest

  1. Pick when berries are fully black and dull
  2. Harvest every 2-3 days
  3. Gently pull ripe berries from canes
  4. Use shallow containers to avoid crushing
  5. Wear gloves to protect from thorns

Short-term Storage

  1. Store unwashed in refrigerator for 2-3 days
  2. Place in single layer
  3. Use breathable containers
  4. Remove moldy berries immediately
  5. Check daily for spoilage

Long-term Preservation

  1. Freeze on tray then bag
  2. Can as jam in sterilized jars
  3. Process in boiling water bath
  4. Dehydrate for fruit leather
  5. Store in airtight containers
Interesting Fact
Blackberries are aggregate fruits made up of many small drupelets!
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Artichoke

Artichokes (Cynara scolymus) originated in the Mediterranean and have been cultivated since ancient times. Learning how to harvest artichokes and how to store vegetables properly allows you to enjoy this thistle-like vegetable fresh or preserved.

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How to Harvest

  1. Harvest when buds are tightly closed and 3 inches in diameter
  2. Cut with 1-2 inches of stem
  3. Harvest before buds open
  4. Pick in morning for freshness
  5. Harvest central bud first

Short-term Storage

  1. Store in refrigerator for 1 week
  2. Keep in perforated plastic bag
  3. Sprinkle with water to maintain moisture
  4. Avoid freezing temperatures
  5. Use soon for best flavor

Long-term Preservation

  1. Blanch and freeze hearts
  2. Can in pressure canner
  3. Pickle in vinegar brine
  4. Store in oil after cooking
  5. Dehydrate for snacks
Interesting Fact
Artichokes are actually flower buds of a thistle plant!
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Anise

Anise (Pimpinella anisum) has been cultivated in the Mediterranean for over 4,000 years for its licorice-like flavor. Knowing how to harvest anise and how to dry herbs ensures you can use it in cooking and teas year-round.

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How to Harvest

  1. Harvest seeds when they turn gray-brown
  2. Cut stems when seeds are mature
  3. Harvest in morning after dew dries
  4. Bundle and hang to dry
  5. Thresh seeds after drying

Short-term Storage

  1. Store fresh leaves in fridge for 1 week
  2. Keep in damp paper towel
  3. Avoid washing until use
  4. Use glass jars for seeds
  5. Keep in cool place

Long-term Preservation

  1. Dry seeds in airy place
  2. Freeze leaves in ice cubes
  3. Store dried in airtight jars
  4. Make tinctures or oils
  5. Use within 6 months
Interesting Fact
Anise seeds are used in liqueurs like absinthe!
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Hazelnut

Hazelnuts (Corylus avellana) have been cultivated in Europe for thousands of years and are a staple in confections. Learning how to harvest hazelnuts and how to store nuts ensures crunch and flavor for months.

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How to Harvest

  1. Harvest when hulls turn brown and nuts drop
  2. Shake tree to drop nuts
  3. Pick up promptly to avoid wildlife
  4. Dry on screens for 2-3 weeks
  5. Shell after drying

Short-term Storage

  1. Store in-shell at room temperature for 8 months
  2. Use airtight containers
  3. Keep in cool, dry place
  4. Avoid odor sources
  5. Check for pests

Long-term Preservation

  1. Freeze at 0°F for 2 years
  2. Roast and store in jars
  3. Dry further for extended shelf life
  4. Kill pests by freezing 48 hours
  5. Store shelled in fridge for 1 year
Interesting Fact
Hazelnuts are also known as filberts in some regions!
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Coffee Arabica

Coffee Arabica originated in Ethiopia and is the most popular coffee species worldwide. Understanding how to harvest coffee beans and how to store them properly allows home growers to enjoy fresh coffee.

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How to Harvest

  1. Wait for cherries to ripen fully red
  2. Hand-pick ripe cherries
  3. Harvest 1-2 months before Robusta
  4. Process within days of picking
  5. Avoid overripe or unripe cherries

Short-term Storage

  1. Store processed beans for 2 months to stabilize
  2. Keep in cool, dry place
  3. Avoid moisture and light
  4. Use breathable bags
  5. Roast soon for best flavor

Long-term Preservation

  1. Store green beans in airtight containers
  2. Freeze roasted beans
  3. Keep in vacuum-sealed bags
  4. Use within 2 years for green beans
  5. Protect from air, heat, light
Interesting Fact
Coffee beans mature over 3 months and harvest times vary by hemisphere!
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Cantaloupe

Cantaloupes (Cucumis melo var. cantalupensis) originated in Persia and were introduced to Europe during the Renaissance. Prized for their sweet, juicy flesh, understanding how to harvest cantaloupe at peak ripeness and how to store melons ensures maximum flavor in salads and desserts.

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How to Harvest

  1. Check for full slip where stem separates easily
  2. Look for netted rind turning beige
  3. Smell for sweet aroma at blossom end
  4. Harvest in morning when cool
  5. Cut stem with sharp knife leaving 1 inch

Short-term Storage

  1. Store whole at room temperature to ripen
  2. Refrigerate cut melon in airtight container
  3. Keep for 3-5 days in fridge
  4. Avoid storing near ethylene producers
  5. Wrap cut ends in plastic

Long-term Preservation

  1. Cube and freeze on tray then bag
  2. Can as preserves in sterilized jars
  3. Process in boiling water bath 10 minutes
  4. Dehydrate slices for snacks
  5. Store frozen up to 12 months
Interesting Fact
Cantaloupes are named after the Italian papal village of Cantalupo where they were first grown in Europe!
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Date Palm

Date palms (Phoenix dactylifera) have been cultivated in the Middle East for over 5,000 years, symbolizing prosperity in ancient cultures. Learning how to harvest dates and how to store fruit like dried dates provides a natural sweetener for year-round use.

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How to Harvest

  1. Harvest when fruits turn from green to brown
  2. Cut bunches with pruning shears
  3. Harvest in late summer to fall
  4. Protect from birds with netting
  5. Allow some to ripen on tree for sweetness

Short-term Storage

  1. Store fresh dates in fridge for 2 weeks
  2. Keep in airtight container
  3. Maintain high humidity
  4. Avoid freezing fresh
  5. Check for mold daily

Long-term Preservation

  1. Dry in sun or dehydrator
  2. Store dried in cool, dry place for 1 year
  3. Freeze pitted dates for 12 months
  4. Can as syrup-packed in jars
  5. Process in water bath 15 minutes
Interesting Fact
Date palms can produce fruit for up to 100 years and are mentioned in ancient religious texts!
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Fig

Figs (Ficus carica) were one of the first plants cultivated by humans, originating in the Middle East over 11,000 years ago. Mastering how to harvest figs and how to can fruit preserves their unique sweetness for culinary uses.

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How to Harvest

  1. Pick when soft and drooping on stem
  2. Harvest daily during season
  3. Twist gently to remove
  4. Wear gloves to avoid sap irritation
  5. Harvest in morning for freshness

Short-term Storage

  1. Store in single layer in fridge
  2. Keep for 2-3 days
  3. Use paper-lined tray
  4. Avoid stacking to prevent bruising
  5. Consume quickly for best taste

Long-term Preservation

  1. Freeze whole or sliced figs
  2. Can as jam in sterilized jars
  3. Process in boiling water bath 10 minutes
  4. Dehydrate halves for dried figs
  5. Store dried in airtight containers
Interesting Fact
Figs are pollinated by tiny wasps that enter through the bottom of the fruit!
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Grape

Grapes (Vitis spp.) have been cultivated for over 8,000 years, originating in the Near East, and are central to wine-making history. Knowing how to harvest grapes and how to store fruit allows for fresh eating or homemade wine.

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How to Harvest

  1. Taste test for sweetness and seed color
  2. Cut clusters with shears
  3. Harvest in cool morning
  4. Handle clusters by stem
  5. Avoid washing until use

Short-term Storage

  1. Store in fridge for 1-2 weeks
  2. Keep in perforated bag
  3. Maintain high humidity
  4. Remove spoiled grapes
  5. Avoid freezing whole

Long-term Preservation

  1. Freeze grapes for smoothies
  2. Can as jelly in jars
  3. Process in water bath 10 minutes
  4. Dehydrate for raisins
  5. Store dried in cool place
Interesting Fact
There are over 10,000 grape varieties, but only a few dozen are commonly grown!
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Guava

Guavas (Psidium guajava) originated in tropical America and were spread by Spanish explorers in the 16th century. Rich in vitamin C, learning how to harvest guava and how to store tropical fruit extends their shelf life for fresh consumption.

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How to Harvest

  1. Pick when skin turns yellow-green
  2. Test for slight give when squeezed
  3. Harvest with stem attached
  4. Pick every 2 days in season
  5. Use ladder for higher fruits

Short-term Storage

  1. Ripen at room temperature
  2. Refrigerate ripe guavas for 1 week
  3. Store in paper bag
  4. Avoid cold spots in fridge
  5. Use quickly to prevent mushiness

Long-term Preservation

  1. Puree and freeze in cubes
  2. Can as jam in sterilized jars
  3. Process in water bath 15 minutes
  4. Dehydrate slices for snacks
  5. Store frozen up to 8 months
Interesting Fact
Guavas contain more vitamin C than oranges and are eaten skin and all!
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Honeydew

Honeydew melons (Cucumis melo var. inodorus) originated in Persia and were popular in ancient Egypt. Their subtle sweetness makes them ideal for fruit salads; knowing how to harvest honeydew and how to store melons keeps them crisp.

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How to Harvest

  1. Harvest when rind is creamy white
  2. Check for slight softening at blossom end
  3. Smell for faint honey aroma
  4. Cut stem with shears
  5. Harvest in dry weather

Short-term Storage

  1. Store whole at room temperature
  2. Refrigerate cut pieces for 3 days
  3. Wrap in plastic to retain moisture
  4. Avoid ethylene-sensitive fruits
  5. Use within 1 week

Long-term Preservation

  1. Cube and freeze for smoothies
  2. Can as preserves
  3. Process jars in boiling water
  4. Dehydrate for chips
  5. Store frozen 10 months
Interesting Fact
Honeydew melons continue to ripen after harvest, unlike cantaloupes!
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Jalapeño

Jalapeños (Capsicum annuum) originated in Mexico and have been cultivated for thousands of years by Aztec cultures. Essential in spicy cuisines, learning how to harvest jalapeños and how to preserve peppers adds heat to dishes year-round.

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How to Harvest

  1. Pick when 3-4 inches long and green
  2. Allow some to red for sweeter heat
  3. Cut with scissors to avoid damage
  4. Harvest every few days
  5. Wear gloves to avoid capsaicin burn

Short-term Storage

  1. Store in fridge crisper for 1 week
  2. Keep in paper bag
  3. Avoid moisture to prevent mold
  4. Do not wash until use
  5. Check for soft spots

Long-term Preservation

  1. Freeze chopped peppers
  2. Can as pickled in vinegar
  3. Process jars 10 minutes
  4. Dehydrate for powder
  5. Store dried in jars
Interesting Fact
Jalapeños are named after the Mexican city of Xalapa and measure 2,500-8,000 on the Scoville scale!
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Kiwi

Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) originated in China and was commercialized in New Zealand in the 20th century. High in vitamin C, understanding how to harvest kiwi and how to store fruit keeps them firm for snacking.

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How to Harvest

  1. Harvest when fruit softens slightly
  2. Test sugar content with refractometer
  3. Cut vines with pruners
  4. Harvest in fall before frost
  5. Handle carefully to avoid bruising

Short-term Storage

  1. Ripen at room temperature
  2. Refrigerate ripe for 4-6 weeks
  3. Store in plastic bag
  4. Avoid apples nearby
  5. Check for softness

Long-term Preservation

  1. Slice and freeze
  2. Can as jam
  3. Process in water bath
  4. Dehydrate for leather
  5. Store frozen 12 months
Interesting Fact
Kiwi vines can grow up to 20 feet long and produce fruit for 50 years!
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Mulberry

Mulberries (Morus spp.) have been cultivated in China for silk production and fruit for over 4,000 years. Their juicy berries are great for pies; knowing how to harvest mulberries and how to store fruit prevents staining and spoilage.

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How to Harvest

  1. Shake tree over sheet to collect
  2. Pick when fully colored
  3. Harvest in morning
  4. Use buckets for collection
  5. Avoid unripe berries

Short-term Storage

  1. Store in fridge for 2-3 days
  2. Keep in shallow container
  3. Do not wash until use
  4. Line with paper towel
  5. Use quickly

Long-term Preservation

  1. Freeze whole berries
  2. Can as jam
  3. Process 10 minutes
  4. Dehydrate for snacks
  5. Store dried 6 months
Interesting Fact
Mulberry trees were imported to America by James I for silk industry, but it failed!
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Orange

Oranges (Citrus sinensis) originated in Asia and were brought to Europe by Portuguese traders in the 15th century. Vitamin C powerhouses, learning how to harvest oranges and how to store citrus fruit ensures fresh juice all season.

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How to Harvest

  1. Pick when fully colored
  2. Test for sweetness by taste
  3. Clip with shears
  4. Harvest in dry weather
  5. Leave stem short

Short-term Storage

  1. Store at room temperature 1 week
  2. Refrigerate for 2 weeks
  3. Keep in mesh bag
  4. Avoid moisture
  5. Check for mold

Long-term Preservation

  1. Freeze juice in cubes
  2. Can segments in syrup
  3. Process 20 minutes
  4. Dehydrate peels for tea
  5. Store canned 1 year
Interesting Fact
Oranges are berries botanically, and Brazil produces the most in the world!
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Papaya

Papayas (Carica papaya) originated in Central America and were spread by Spanish explorers. Known for digestive enzymes, mastering how to harvest papaya and how to store tropical fruit maintains their creamy texture.

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How to Harvest

  1. Pick when half yellow
  2. Twist gently to remove
  3. Harvest year-round in tropics
  4. Use pole picker for tall trees
  5. Avoid bruising

Short-term Storage

  1. Ripen at room temperature
  2. Refrigerate ripe for 5 days
  3. Store cut in container
  4. Add lemon to prevent browning
  5. Use soon

Long-term Preservation

  1. Puree and freeze
  2. Can as chutney
  3. Process jars
  4. Dehydrate slices
  5. Store frozen 6 months
Interesting Fact
Papaya leaves are used to tenderize meat due to papain enzyme!
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Passion Fruit

Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) originated in South America and was named by Spanish missionaries for its flower symbolizing the Passion of Christ. Tropical and aromatic, how to harvest passion fruit and how to store it enhances desserts.

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How to Harvest

  1. Pick when wrinkled and purple
  2. Collect fallen fruit
  3. Harvest weekly
  4. Cut vine with shears
  5. Avoid green fruit

Short-term Storage

  1. Store at room temperature 1 week
  2. Refrigerate for 2 weeks
  3. Keep in bag
  4. Scoop pulp if cut
  5. Use ripe quickly

Long-term Preservation

  1. Freeze pulp in bags
  2. Can as jelly
  3. Process 10 minutes
  4. Dehydrate pulp
  5. Store frozen 1 year
Interesting Fact
Passion fruit vines can grow 15-20 feet per year!
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Peach

Peaches (Prunus persica) originated in China over 2,000 years ago and symbolize immortality in folklore. Juicy and fragrant, how to harvest peaches and how to can fruit preserves summer flavor for pies.

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How to Harvest

  1. Pick when background color is yellow
  2. Gentle twist to release
  3. Harvest over several days
  4. Start with tree-ripened
  5. Handle gently

Short-term Storage

  1. Ripen at room temperature
  2. Refrigerate ripe for 5 days
  3. Use paper bag for ripening
  4. Avoid chilling injury
  5. Check for bruising

Long-term Preservation

  1. Slice and freeze with sugar
  2. Can halves in syrup
  3. Process 25 minutes
  4. Dehydrate for leather
  5. Store canned 1 year
Interesting Fact
Peaches are related to almonds and are self-pollinating!
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Pear

Pears (Pyrus communis) have been cultivated in Europe and Asia for over 3,000 years, mentioned in Homer's Odyssey. Crisp and sweet, how to harvest pears and how to store fruit prevents over-ripening.

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How to Harvest

  1. Pick when mature but hard
  2. Lift and twist
  3. Harvest before full ripeness
  4. Check color change
  5. Store to ripen off tree

Short-term Storage

  1. Ripen at room temperature
  2. Refrigerate ripe for 5 days
  3. Use paper bag
  4. Avoid ethylene
  5. Check daily

Long-term Preservation

  1. Slice and freeze
  2. Can in syrup
  3. Process 20 minutes
  4. Dehydrate slices
  5. Store canned 1 year
Interesting Fact
Pears ripen from the inside out, so check neck for softness!
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Pomegranate

Pomegranates (Punica granatum) originated in Persia and have been symbols of fertility in ancient myths. Antioxidant-rich, how to harvest pomegranates and how to store fruit keeps arils fresh for salads.

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How to Harvest

  1. Pick when skin cracks slightly
  2. Cut with pruners
  3. Harvest in fall
  4. Test by tapping for metallic sound
  5. Avoid splitting

Short-term Storage

  1. Store whole at room temperature 1 month
  2. Refrigerate for 2 months
  3. Keep arils in container 4 days
  4. Maintain cool temps
  5. Check for mold

Long-term Preservation

  1. Freeze arils on tray
  2. Can juice or jelly
  3. Process 10 minutes
  4. Dehydrate arils
  5. Store frozen 1 year
Interesting Fact
A pomegranate can contain over 600 arils!
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Raspberry

Raspberries (Rubus idaeus) have been gathered wild in Europe for centuries and cultivated since the Middle Ages. Antioxidant-packed, how to harvest raspberries and how to store berries keeps them perfect for jams.

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How to Harvest

  1. Pick when fully colored and release easily
  2. Harvest every 2 days
  3. Gently pull from receptacle
  4. Use shallow baskets
  5. Morning harvest for coolness

Short-term Storage

  1. Store unwashed in fridge 2 days
  2. Single layer on tray
  3. Cover loosely
  4. Remove moldy ones
  5. Use promptly

Long-term Preservation

  1. Freeze on sheet then bag
  2. Can as jam
  3. Process 10 minutes
  4. Dehydrate for snacks
  5. Store frozen 1 year
Interesting Fact
Raspberries come in red, black, purple, and gold varieties!
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Tangerine

Tangerines (Citrus tangerina) originated in Asia and are named after Tangier, Morocco, where they were exported. Easy to peel, how to harvest tangerines and how to store citrus ensures fresh snacking.

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How to Harvest

  1. Pick when fully orange
  2. Clip stem close
  3. Taste for sweetness
  4. Harvest in winter
  5. Avoid frost damage

Short-term Storage

  1. Store at room temperature 1 week
  2. Refrigerate 2 weeks
  3. Use mesh bag
  4. Keep dry
  5. Check for soft spots

Long-term Preservation

  1. Freeze segments
  2. Can in syrup
  3. Process 15 minutes
  4. Dehydrate peels
  5. Store canned 1 year
Interesting Fact
Tangerines are a type of mandarin orange and hybridize easily!
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Watermelon

Watermelons (Citrullus lanatus) originated in Africa and have been cultivated for over 4,000 years, depicted in Egyptian tombs. Hydrating and sweet, how to harvest watermelon and how to store melons is key for summer picnics.

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How to Harvest

  1. Thump for dull sound
  2. Check tendril dry and brown
  3. Ground spot yellow
  4. Cut stem with knife
  5. Harvest in morning

Short-term Storage

  1. Store whole at room temperature 2 weeks
  2. Refrigerate cut for 4 days
  3. Wrap cut ends
  4. Avoid cold injury below 50°F
  5. Use soon

Long-term Preservation

  1. Cube and freeze
  2. Can as pickles
  3. Process 20 minutes
  4. Dehydrate rinds
  5. Store frozen 8 months
Interesting Fact
Watermelons are 92% water and can weigh up to 200 pounds!
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Zucchini

Zucchini (Cucurbita pepo) originated in the Americas but was developed in Italy in the 19th century. Versatile in cooking, how to harvest zucchini and how to store vegetables prevents them from becoming oversized.

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How to Harvest

  1. Pick at 6-8 inches long
  2. Cut with knife
  3. Harvest every 2 days
  4. Check under leaves
  5. Use gloves for prickly stems

Short-term Storage

  1. Store in fridge crisper 1 week
  2. Keep in plastic bag
  3. Maintain humidity
  4. Do not wash
  5. Use soon

Long-term Preservation

  1. Blanch and freeze slices
  2. Can as relish
  3. Process 30 minutes
  4. Dehydrate chips
  5. Store frozen 10 months
Interesting Fact
Zucchini flowers are edible and used in gourmet cuisine!
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Arugula

Arugula (Eruca sativa) has been grown in the Mediterranean since Roman times, valued for its peppery leaves. A salad staple, how to harvest arugula and how to store vegetables like greens keeps it crisp.

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How to Harvest

  1. Cut outer leaves at base
  2. Harvest young for mild flavor
  3. Pick in morning
  4. Leave center for regrowth
  5. Harvest before bolting

Short-term Storage

  1. Store in fridge 5 days
  2. Wrap in damp towel
  3. Use plastic bag
  4. Wash before use
  5. Keep cool

Long-term Preservation

  1. Blanch and freeze
  2. Make pesto and freeze
  3. Dry leaves
  4. Store in jars
  5. Use frozen 6 months
Interesting Fact
Arugula is also known as rocket and was used as an aphrodisiac in ancient Rome!
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Asparagus

Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) has been enjoyed since ancient Egyptian times, prized for its tender spears. Perennial favorite, how to harvest asparagus and how to store vegetables extends the spring harvest.

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How to Harvest

  1. Snap spears at soil level
  2. Harvest at 6-8 inches
  3. Pick every 2 days
  4. Stop when thin
  5. Allow ferns to grow

Short-term Storage

  1. Store upright in water
  2. Refrigerate 1 week
  3. Cover tops with bag
  4. Change water daily
  5. Use soon

Long-term Preservation

  1. Blanch and freeze
  2. Can in pressure canner
  3. Process 30 minutes
  4. Pickle spears
  5. Store canned 1 year
Interesting Fact
Asparagus can grow up to 10 inches in a day under ideal conditions!
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Banana Pepper

Banana peppers (Capsicum annuum) are mild chili peppers originating from South America, popular in pickling since the 1920s. How to harvest banana peppers and how to store peppers adds tang to sandwiches.

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How to Harvest

  1. Pick at 4-6 inches yellow
  2. Cut with scissors
  3. Harvest regularly
  4. Allow red for sweeter
  5. Wear gloves

Short-term Storage

  1. Store in fridge 1 week
  2. Use paper bag
  3. Keep dry
  4. Do not wash
  5. Check for spots

Long-term Preservation

  1. Pickle in vinegar
  2. Can in jars
  3. Process 10 minutes
  4. Freeze chopped
  5. Store canned 1 year
Interesting Fact
Banana peppers are 0-500 Scoville units, making them very mild!
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Beet

Beets (Beta vulgaris) have been grown since ancient Roman times for roots and greens. Earthy and nutritious, how to harvest beets and how to store vegetables like root crops provides winter storage.

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How to Harvest

  1. Pull when 1-3 inches diameter
  2. Loosen soil first
  3. Harvest greens too
  4. Before frost for sweetness
  5. Cut tops leaving 1 inch

Short-term Storage

  1. Store in fridge 3 weeks
  2. Keep in plastic bag
  3. Separate greens
  4. Maintain humidity
  5. Do not wash roots

Long-term Preservation

  1. Store in sand in cellar
  2. Can pickled
  3. Process 30 minutes
  4. Freeze cooked
  5. Store 4 months cool
Interesting Fact
Beets can be gold, white, or striped, not just red!
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Broccoli

Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) was developed in Italy from wild cabbage in the 16th century. Nutrient-dense, how to harvest broccoli and how to store vegetables keeps florets tight.

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How to Harvest

  1. Cut head when buds tight
  2. Harvest with 6 inches stem
  3. Pick side shoots later
  4. Morning harvest
  5. Before yellowing

Short-term Storage

  1. Store in fridge 5 days
  2. Use perforated bag
  3. Keep moist
  4. Do not wash
  5. Use soon

Long-term Preservation

  1. Blanch and freeze
  2. Can in pressure canner
  3. Process 25 minutes
  4. Dehydrate florets
  5. Store frozen 1 year
Interesting Fact
Broccoli is a cool-season crop and relative of cabbage!
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Brussels Sprouts

Brussels sprouts (Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera) were first cultivated in Belgium in the 16th century. Sweetened by frost, how to harvest Brussels sprouts and how to store vegetables is ideal for fall meals.

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How to Harvest

  1. Pick when 1 inch diameter
  2. Twist off sprouts
  3. Harvest bottom up
  4. After frost for sweetness
  5. Cut whole stalk if frost coming

Short-term Storage

  1. Store in fridge 3 weeks
  2. Use plastic bag
  3. Keep on stalk if possible
  4. Maintain humidity
  5. Do not wash

Long-term Preservation

  1. Blanch and freeze
  2. Can pickled
  3. Process 25 minutes
  4. Dehydrate halves
  5. Store frozen 1 year
Interesting Fact
A single plant can produce up to 100 sprouts!
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Cabbage

Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) has been cultivated for over 2,500 years in Europe. Versatile for slaw and sauerkraut, how to harvest cabbage and how to store vegetables like heads is essential for long-term use.

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How to Harvest

  1. Cut when head firm
  2. Use sharp knife at base
  3. Harvest in cool weather
  4. Leave outer leaves
  5. Pull roots if done

Short-term Storage

  1. Store in fridge 2 weeks
  2. Keep in crisper
  3. Wrap in plastic
  4. Maintain humidity
  5. Avoid ethylene

Long-term Preservation

  1. Ferment as sauerkraut
  2. Can pickled
  3. Process 20 minutes
  4. Freeze shredded
  5. Store fermented cool
Interesting Fact
Cabbage is 92% water and used in traditional medicine!
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Celery

Celery (Apium graveolens) was used medicinally in ancient Egypt and cultivated for food in the 17th century Italy. Crunchy staple, how to harvest celery and how to store vegetables keeps it crisp.

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How to Harvest

  1. Cut outer stalks first
  2. Harvest at 12 inches
  3. Use knife at base
  4. Allow inner growth
  5. Harvest before hot weather

Short-term Storage

  1. Store in fridge 2 weeks
  2. Wrap in foil
  3. Keep moist
  4. Upright in water
  5. Check for limpness

Long-term Preservation

  1. Blanch and freeze chopped
  2. Dehydrate for soup mix
  3. Pickle stalks
  4. Store dried in jars
  5. Use frozen 1 year
Interesting Fact
Celery is negative calorie food, burning more to digest than it provides!
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Collards

Collard greens (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) have been grown in the Mediterranean since prehistoric times and are a Southern US staple. Nutritious, how to harvest collards and how to store greens is for healthy meals.

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How to Harvest

  1. Cut outer leaves
  2. Harvest young for tenderness
  3. Pick after frost
  4. Leave center
  5. Use knife

Short-term Storage

  1. Store in fridge 1 week
  2. Damp towel wrap
  3. Plastic bag
  4. Wash before use
  5. Keep cool

Long-term Preservation

  1. Blanch and freeze
  2. Can in pressure canner
  3. Process 45 minutes
  4. Dehydrate leaves
  5. Store frozen 1 year
Interesting Fact
Collards are more nutritious than spinach and improve with frost!
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Corn

Corn (Zea mays) was domesticated in Mexico over 9,000 years ago and is a staple crop worldwide. Sweet and starchy, how to harvest corn and how to store vegetables like ears is for fresh summer treats.

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How to Harvest

  1. Check silk dry, kernels milky
  2. Twist ear down
  3. Harvest at peak
  4. Morning pick
  5. Use immediately

Short-term Storage

  1. Store in husk fridge 2 days
  2. Keep moist
  3. Avoid heat
  4. Husk before cooking
  5. Use soon

Long-term Preservation

  1. Blanch and freeze kernels
  2. Can whole kernel
  3. Process 55 minutes
  4. Dehydrate for meal
  5. Store frozen 1 year
Interesting Fact
An ear of corn always has even number of rows!
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Cucumber

Cucumbers (Cucumis sativus) originated in India over 3,000 years ago and are used in pickling worldwide. Refreshing, how to harvest cucumbers and how to store vegetables prevents bitterness.

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How to Harvest

  1. Pick at 6-8 inches
  2. Cut with shears
  3. Harvest every day
  4. Avoid yellowing
  5. Check vines carefully

Short-term Storage

  1. Store in fridge 1 week
  2. Use crisper
  3. Wrap in towel
  4. Avoid cold spots
  5. Use soon

Long-term Preservation

  1. Pickle in brine
  2. Can pickles
  3. Process 10 minutes
  4. Freeze sliced
  5. Store canned 1 year
Interesting Fact
Cucumbers are 95% water and cool the body!
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Eggplant

Eggplants (Solanum melongena) originated in India and were introduced to Europe in the Middle Ages. Versatile in cuisine, how to harvest eggplant and how to store vegetables keeps skin glossy.

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How to Harvest

  1. Pick when shiny and firm
  2. Cut with pruners
  3. Harvest at 4-6 inches
  4. Regular picking
  5. Avoid overripe

Short-term Storage

  1. Store at room temp 2 days
  2. Refrigerate 1 week
  3. Use paper bag
  4. Avoid chilling injury
  5. Check for soft

Long-term Preservation

  1. Blanch and freeze slices
  2. Can as ratatouille
  3. Process 40 minutes
  4. Dehydrate chips
  5. Store frozen 8 months
Interesting Fact
Eggplants are berries and come in white, purple, green varieties!
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Green Beans

Green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) originated in the Andes and were spread by explorers. Snap or string, how to harvest green beans and how to store vegetables is for crisp side dishes.

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How to Harvest

  1. Pick when pencil thick
  2. Snap off
  3. Harvest every 2 days
  4. Avoid bulging seeds
  5. Morning pick

Short-term Storage

  1. Store in fridge 1 week
  2. Plastic bag
  3. Keep humid
  4. Do not wash
  5. Use soon

Long-term Preservation

  1. Blanch and freeze
  2. Can in pressure canner
  3. Process 20 minutes
  4. Pickle dilly beans
  5. Store canned 1 year
Interesting Fact
Green beans are also called string beans from old varieties with strings!
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Kale

Kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) has been grown for over 2,000 years in Europe, a superfood since ancient times. Leafy green, how to harvest kale and how to store vegetables is for smoothies and chips.

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How to Harvest

  1. Cut outer leaves
  2. Harvest young
  3. After frost
  4. Leave center
  5. Use scissors

Short-term Storage

  1. Store in fridge 5 days
  2. Damp towel
  3. Plastic bag
  4. Wash later
  5. Keep cool

Long-term Preservation

  1. Blanch freeze
  2. Dehydrate chips
  3. Store in jars
  4. Can greens
  5. Use frozen 10 months
Interesting Fact
Kale is one of the most nutrient-dense foods on the planet!
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Mustard

Mustard greens (Brassica juncea) have been cultivated in Asia for over 5,000 years for leaves and seeds. Spicy greens, how to harvest mustard and how to store vegetables is for stir-fries.

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How to Harvest

  1. Cut leaves young
  2. Harvest outer first
  3. Pick before bolt
  4. Morning
  5. Leave center

Short-term Storage

  1. Fridge 1 week
  2. Damp wrap
  3. Bag
  4. Wash later
  5. Cool

Long-term Preservation

  1. Blanch freeze
  2. Dehydrate
  3. Store jars
  4. Can greens
  5. Frozen 8 months
Interesting Fact
Mustard seeds are used to make the condiment and greens are high in vitamins!
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Okra

Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) originated in Ethiopia and is key in Southern and African cuisines since ancient times. Slimy when cooked, how to harvest okra and how to store vegetables is for gumbo.

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How to Harvest

  1. Pick at 2-4 inches
  2. Cut with shears
  3. Harvest every day
  4. Wear gloves for prickles
  5. Avoid woody pods

Short-term Storage

  1. Store in fridge 3 days
  2. Paper bag
  3. Keep dry
  4. Do not wash
  5. Use quick

Long-term Preservation

  1. Blanch freeze
  2. Can pickled
  3. Process 25 minutes
  4. Dehydrate slices
  5. Store frozen 1 year
Interesting Fact
Okra pods are used to thicken soups like gumbo!
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Onion

Onions (Allium cepa) have been cultivated for over 5,000 years in Asia, used in cooking worldwide. Layered flavor, how to harvest onions and how to store vegetables like bulbs is for long-term use.

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How to Harvest

  1. Pull when tops yellow
  2. Cure in sun 1 week
  3. Cut tops
  4. Avoid rain
  5. Store after curing

Short-term Storage

  1. Store cool dry place
  2. 1-2 months
  3. Use mesh bag
  4. Avoid fridge
  5. Check for sprouts

Long-term Preservation

  1. Freeze chopped
  2. Dehydrate flakes
  3. Store in jars
  4. Pickle onions
  5. Store 6 months dry
Interesting Fact
Onions make you cry due to syn-propanethial-S-oxide gas!
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Peas

Peas (Pisum sativum) have been cultivated since the Stone Age in the Near East. Sweet pods, how to harvest peas and how to store vegetables is for fresh eating or freezing.

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How to Harvest

  1. Pick when pods plump
  2. Snap off vine
  3. Harvest daily
  4. Avoid overmature
  5. Morning pick

Short-term Storage

  1. Store in fridge 5 days
  2. Plastic bag
  3. Keep humid
  4. Shell before use
  5. Use quick

Long-term Preservation

  1. Blanch freeze
  2. Can in pressure
  3. Process 40 minutes
  4. Dehydrate
  5. Store frozen 1 year
Interesting Fact
Gregor Mendel used peas for his genetics experiments!
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Pumpkin

Pumpkins (Cucurbita pepo) originated in North America and were used by Native Americans for food and tools. Fall icon, how to harvest pumpkins and how to store vegetables is for pies and decor.

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How to Harvest

  1. Cut when rind hard
  2. Leave 3 inch stem
  3. Harvest before frost
  4. Cure in sun 10 days
  5. Check color

Short-term Storage

  1. Store cool dry 2-3 months
  2. Use garage or basement
  3. Avoid stacking
  4. Check for soft spots
  5. Keep off ground

Long-term Preservation

  1. Puree and freeze
  2. Can puree
  3. Process 55 minutes
  4. Dehydrate chips
  5. Store frozen 1 year
Interesting Fact
The largest pumpkin weighed over 2,700 pounds!
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Rhubarb

Rhubarb (Rheum rhabarbarum) originated in Asia and was used medicinally before becoming a pie filling in the 18th century. Tart stalks, how to harvest rhubarb and how to store vegetables is for desserts.

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How to Harvest

  1. Pull stalks twisting
  2. Harvest at 12 inches
  3. Leave 1/3 plant
  4. Spring to summer
  5. Avoid leaves (toxic)

Short-term Storage

  1. Store in fridge 2 weeks
  2. Wrap damp
  3. Plastic bag
  4. Cut ends
  5. Use soon

Long-term Preservation

  1. Chop and freeze
  2. Can as pie filling
  3. Process 15 minutes
  4. Dehydrate slices
  5. Store frozen 1 year
Interesting Fact
Rhubarb leaves are toxic due to oxalic acid, but stalks are safe!
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Spinach

Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) originated in Persia and was introduced to Europe in the 12th century. Iron-rich, how to harvest spinach and how to store vegetables is for salads and cooking.

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How to Harvest

  1. Cut outer leaves
  2. Harvest baby or mature
  3. Morning pick
  4. Leave center
  5. Before bolting

Short-term Storage

  1. Store in fridge 1 week
  2. Damp towel
  3. Bag loose
  4. Wash later
  5. Cool temps

Long-term Preservation

  1. Blanch freeze
  2. Can spinach
  3. Process 45 minutes
  4. Dehydrate
  5. Frozen 1 year
Interesting Fact
Spinach's iron content was overstated due to a decimal error in the 19th century!
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Squash

Squash (Cucurbita spp.) was domesticated in the Americas over 8,000 years ago. Summer or winter varieties, how to harvest squash and how to store vegetables varies by type.

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How to Harvest

  1. Pick summer small
  2. Cut winter when rind hard
  3. Use pruners
  4. Leave stem
  5. Cure winter

Short-term Storage

  1. Summer fridge 1 week
  2. Winter cool dry 1 month
  3. Avoid stacking
  4. Check rot
  5. Use soon summer

Long-term Preservation

  1. Freeze cooked
  2. Can puree
  3. Process 55 minutes
  4. Dehydrate
  5. Store frozen 1 year
Interesting Fact
Squash is one of the Three Sisters in Native American agriculture!
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Turnip

Turnips (Brassica rapa) have been grown since prehistoric times in Europe for roots and greens. Peppery flavor, how to harvest turnips and how to store root vegetables is for roasts.

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How to Harvest

  1. Pull when 2-3 inches
  2. Loosen soil
  3. Harvest greens too
  4. Before woody
  5. Cut tops

Short-term Storage

  1. Store in fridge 2 weeks
  2. Plastic bag
  3. Separate greens
  4. Humid crisper
  5. Do not wash

Long-term Preservation

  1. Store in sand cellar
  2. Can pickled
  3. Process 30 minutes
  4. Freeze cooked
  5. Store cool 4 months
Interesting Fact
Turnips were carved for Halloween before pumpkins!
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Borage

Borage (Borago officinalis) has been used in Europe since Roman times for its cucumber-like flavor and medicinal properties. Edible flowers, how to harvest borage and how to dry herbs is for teas and salads.

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How to Harvest

  1. Pick leaves young
  2. Cut stems above nodes
  3. Harvest flowers open
  4. Morning after dew
  5. Regular to encourage

Short-term Storage

  1. Store leaves fridge 3 days
  2. Damp towel
  3. Flowers in water
  4. Use quick
  5. Avoid wilting

Long-term Preservation

  1. Dry leaves hanging
  2. Freeze in oil cubes
  3. Store dried jars
  4. Infuse in vinegar
  5. Use dried 6 months
Interesting Fact
Borage flowers taste like cucumber and attract bees!
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Caraway

Caraway (Carum carvi) has been used in Europe since the Stone Age for seeds in bread. Aromatic, how to harvest caraway and how to dry herbs is for spice cabinets.

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How to Harvest

  1. Cut heads when seeds brown
  2. Bundle and hang
  3. Thresh seeds
  4. Dry completely
  5. Harvest second year

Short-term Storage

  1. Store seeds dry
  2. Airtight jar
  3. Cool place
  4. Use within months
  5. Avoid moisture

Long-term Preservation

  1. Dry seeds
  2. Store in glass
  3. Freeze for freshness
  4. Grind as needed
  5. Last 1 year
Interesting Fact
Caraway seeds aid digestion and flavor rye bread!
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Chamomile

Chamomile (Matricaria recutita) has been used for teas in Egypt and Europe for thousands of years. Calming herb, how to harvest chamomile and how to dry herbs is for home remedies.

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How to Harvest

  1. Pick flowers open
  2. Cut heads
  3. Harvest morning
  4. Dry immediately
  5. Regular picking

Short-term Storage

  1. Store fresh 2 days
  2. Fridge bag
  3. Use for tea
  4. Avoid crushing
  5. Dry for long

Long-term Preservation

  1. Dry in shade
  2. Store in jars
  3. Freeze dried
  4. Infuse oil
  5. Last 1 year
Interesting Fact
Chamomile tea promotes sleep and relaxation!
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Cilantro

Cilantro (Coriandrum sativum) has been used in cooking for over 7,000 years in the Mediterranean and Asia. Fresh herb, how to harvest cilantro and how to dry herbs is for salsas and curries.

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How to Harvest

  1. Cut outer stems
  2. Harvest before bolt
  3. Morning
  4. 1/3 plant
  5. Use scissors

Short-term Storage

  1. Store in water jar
  2. Fridge 1 week
  3. Cover bag
  4. Change water
  5. Use fresh

Long-term Preservation

  1. Freeze in oil
  2. Dry leaves
  3. Store jars
  4. Make pesto
  5. Use frozen 3 months
Interesting Fact
Cilantro seeds are coriander spice!
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Cumin

Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) has been used in the Middle East for over 4,000 years in spices. Earthy flavor, how to harvest cumin and how to dry herbs is for curry powders.

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How to Harvest

  1. Cut when seeds brown
  2. Bundle hang
  3. Thresh
  4. Dry
  5. Harvest morning

Short-term Storage

  1. Store seeds dry
  2. Jar cool
  3. Avoid light
  4. Use soon
  5. Whole better

Long-term Preservation

  1. Dry seeds
  2. Store airtight
  3. Freeze
  4. Grind fresh
  5. Last 1 year
Interesting Fact
Cumin is the second most popular spice after pepper!
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Dill

Dill (Anethum graveolens) has been used in Europe and Asia for over 2,000 years for flavoring pickles. Feathery herb, how to harvest dill and how to dry herbs is for seasoning.

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How to Harvest

  1. Cut fronds
  2. Harvest seeds brown
  3. Morning
  4. 1/3 plant
  5. Use scissors

Short-term Storage

  1. Fridge water 1 week
  2. Cover bag
  3. Change water
  4. Use fresh
  5. Avoid wilt

Long-term Preservation

  1. Dry hanging
  2. Freeze chopped
  3. Store jars
  4. Infuse vinegar
  5. Use dried 6 months
Interesting Fact
Dill is used to flavor pickles and aids digestion!
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Lavender

Lavender (Lavandula spp.) has been used in the Mediterranean for over 2,500 years for perfume and medicine. Fragrant, how to harvest lavender and how to dry herbs is for sachets and teas.

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How to Harvest

  1. Cut stems before full bloom
  2. Harvest morning
  3. Bundle small
  4. Dry upside down
  5. Strip flowers

Short-term Storage

  1. Store fresh 1 week
  2. Water vase
  3. Cool place
  4. Use for cooking
  5. Avoid direct sun

Long-term Preservation

  1. Dry bundles
  2. Store in jars
  3. Infuse oil
  4. Freeze flowers
  5. Last 1 year
Interesting Fact
Lavender repels moths and is used in aromatherapy!
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Lemon Balm

Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) has been used in Europe since the Middle Ages for calming teas. Citrusy, how to harvest lemon balm and how to dry herbs is for herbal remedies.

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How to Harvest

  1. Cut stems above leaves
  2. Harvest before flower
  3. Morning
  4. 1/3 plant
  5. Use scissors

Short-term Storage

  1. Fridge 5 days
  2. Damp wrap
  3. Bag
  4. Use fresh
  5. Avoid crush

Long-term Preservation

  1. Dry leaves
  2. Freeze in ice
  3. Store jars
  4. Infuse honey
  5. Use dried 6 months
Interesting Fact
Lemon balm attracts bees and calms nerves!
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Mint

Mint (Mentha spp.) has been used in the Mediterranean for thousands of years for flavor and medicine. Refreshing, how to harvest mint and how to dry herbs is for teas and mojitos.

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How to Harvest

  1. Cut stems top
  2. Harvest regular
  3. Morning
  4. Before flower
  5. Use scissors

Short-term Storage

  1. Water jar fridge
  2. 1 week
  3. Cover loose
  4. Change water
  5. Use fresh

Long-term Preservation

  1. Dry hanging
  2. Freeze leaves
  3. Store jars
  4. Infuse syrup
  5. Dried 6 months
Interesting Fact
Mint spreads aggressively and has over 600 varieties!
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Oregano

Oregano (Origanum vulgare) has been used in Greek and Roman cuisine for centuries for its pungent flavor. Mediterranean herb, how to harvest oregano and how to dry herbs is for pizzas.

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How to Harvest

  1. Cut stems
  2. Before bloom
  3. Morning
  4. 1/3 plant
  5. Dry quick

Short-term Storage

  1. Fridge 1 week
  2. Damp wrap
  3. Bag
  4. Use fresh
  5. Avoid wilt

Long-term Preservation

  1. Dry bundles
  2. Freeze oil
  3. Store jars
  4. Infuse vinegar
  5. Dried 1 year
Interesting Fact
Oregano means "joy of the mountain" in Greek!
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Rosemary

Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) has been used in the Mediterranean for memory and seasoning since ancient times. Woody herb, how to harvest rosemary and how to dry herbs is for roasts.

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How to Harvest

  1. Cut tips
  2. Harvest anytime
  3. Morning
  4. 1/3 branch
  5. Use pruners

Short-term Storage

  1. Fridge 2 weeks
  2. Damp towel
  3. Bag loose
  4. Use fresh
  5. Cool

Long-term Preservation

  1. Dry hanging
  2. Freeze sprigs
  3. Store jars
  4. Infuse oil
  5. Dried 1 year
Interesting Fact
Rosemary symbolizes remembrance in literature!
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Sage

Sage (Salvia officinalis) has been used in Europe since Roman times for healing and flavoring. Earthy herb, how to harvest sage and how to dry herbs is for stuffing and teas.

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How to Harvest

  1. Cut stems
  2. Before bloom
  3. Morning
  4. 1/3 plant
  5. Pruners

Short-term Storage

  1. Fridge 1 week
  2. Damp wrap
  3. Bag
  4. Fresh use
  5. Cool

Long-term Preservation

  1. Dry leaves
  2. Freeze
  3. Jars
  4. Infuse butter
  5. Dried 1 year
Interesting Fact
Sage means "to save" in Latin, due to medicinal uses!
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Spearmint

Spearmint (Mentha spicata) has been used in ancient Greece for flavoring baths and teas. Mild mint, how to harvest spearmint and how to dry herbs is for jellies and drinks.

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How to Harvest

  1. Cut tops
  2. Regular
  3. Morning
  4. Before flower
  5. Scissors

Short-term Storage

  1. Water jar fridge
  2. 1 week
  3. Cover
  4. Change water
  5. Fresh

Long-term Preservation

  1. Dry
  2. Freeze
  3. Jars
  4. Syrup
  5. 6 months
Interesting Fact
Spearmint is used in gum and toothpaste for fresh breath!
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Tarragon

Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus) originated in Siberia and is key in French cuisine since the 16th century. Licorice flavor, how to harvest tarragon and how to dry herbs is for sauces.

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How to Harvest

  1. Cut tips
  2. Regular
  3. Morning
  4. Before fall
  5. Scissors

Short-term Storage

  1. Fridge 1 week
  2. Damp
  3. Bag
  4. Fresh
  5. Cool

Long-term Preservation

  1. Dry
  2. Freeze
  3. Jars
  4. Vinegar
  5. 6 months
Interesting Fact
Tarragon is essential in béarnaise sauce!
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Thyme

Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) has been used in ancient Egypt for embalming and in Europe for flavoring. Woody, how to harvest thyme and how to dry herbs is for soups.

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How to Harvest

  1. Cut stems
  2. Before bloom
  3. Morning
  4. 1/3
  5. Pruners

Short-term Storage

  1. Fridge 2 weeks
  2. Damp
  3. Bag
  4. Fresh
  5. Cool

Long-term Preservation

  1. Dry
  2. Freeze
  3. Jars
  4. Oil
  5. 1 year
Interesting Fact
Thyme was used by Romans to add courage!
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Macadamia

Macadamias (Macadamia integrifolia) originated in Australia and were commercialized in Hawaii in the 19th century. Buttery nuts, how to harvest macadamias and how to store nuts is for snacking.

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How to Harvest

  1. Collect fallen nuts
  2. Remove husk
  3. Dry shells
  4. Crack hard shell
  5. Harvest year-round

Short-term Storage

  1. Store shelled fridge 6 months
  2. Airtight
  3. Cool dry
  4. Avoid rancid
  5. Check smell

Long-term Preservation

  1. Freeze shelled
  2. Roast and jar
  3. Store vacuum
  4. Kill pests freeze
  5. Last 1 year
Interesting Fact
Macadamia shells are harder than black walnut and used as fuel!
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Pecan

Pecans (Carya illinoinensis) are native to North America and were a staple for Native Americans. Rich flavor, how to harvest pecans and how to store nuts is for pies.

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How to Harvest

  1. Shake tree fall
  2. Collect ground
  3. Dry 2 weeks
  4. Crack shells
  5. Avoid weevils

Short-term Storage

  1. In shell room temp 6 months
  2. Shelled fridge
  3. Airtight
  4. Cool dry
  5. Check rancid

Long-term Preservation

  1. Freeze shelled
  2. Roast jar
  3. Vacuum seal
  4. Pest control freeze
  5. 2 years
Interesting Fact
Pecans are the only major nut native to North America!
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Pistachio

Pistachios (Pistacia vera) have been eaten in the Middle East for over 9,000 years, known as "smiling nuts." Green hue, how to harvest pistachios and how to store nuts is for snacking.

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How to Harvest

  1. Shake tree
  2. Collect hull split
  3. Dry immediately
  4. Remove hulls
  5. Harvest fall

Short-term Storage

  1. In shell room 1 year
  2. Shelled fridge
  3. Airtight
  4. Cool dry
  5. Check freshness

Long-term Preservation

  1. Freeze shelled
  2. Roast salt
  3. Jar store
  4. Vacuum
  5. 2 years
Interesting Fact
Pistachio trees take 7-10 years to produce nuts!
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